منابع مشابه
The effect of language complexity and group size on knowledge construction: Implications for online learning
This study investigated the effect of language complexity and group size on knowledge construction in two online debates. Knowledge construction was assessed using Gunawardena et al.’s Interaction Analysis Model (1997). Language complexity was determined by dividing the number of unique words by total words. It refers to the lexical variation. The results showed that...
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In his now-classic research on inoculation theory, McGuire (1964) demonstrated that exposing people to an initial weak counterattitudinal message could lead to enhanced resistance to a subsequent stronger counterattitudinal message. More recently, research on the valence-framing effect (Bizer & Petty, 2005) demonstrated an alternative way to make attitudes more resistant. Simply framing a perso...
متن کاملThe framing effect and skin conductance responses
Individuals often rely on simple heuristics when they face complex choice situations under uncertainty. Traditionally, it has been proposed that cognitive processes are the main driver to evaluate different choice options and to finally reach a decision. Growing evidence, however, highlights a strong interrelation between judgment and decision-making (JDM) on the one hand, and emotional process...
متن کاملThe implicit identity effect: identity primes, group size, and helping.
Three studies consider the implicit bystander effect in the light of recent advances in social identity approaches to helping. Drawing on the social identity model of deindividuation effects we argue that the implicit bystander effect is shaped not by the number of others imagined, but by who those others are imagined to be. Studies 1 and 2 demonstrate that, when group membership is primed, inc...
متن کاملthe evaluation of language related engagment and task related engagment with the purpose of investigating the effect of metatalk and task typology
abstract while task-based instruction is considered as the most effective way to learn a language in the related literature, it is oversimplified on various grounds. different variables may affect how students are engaged with not only the language but also with the task itself. the present study was conducted to investigate language and task related engagement on the basis of the task typolog...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Memory & Cognition
سال: 2006
ISSN: 0090-502X,1532-5946
DOI: 10.3758/bf03193438